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  2. Reverse genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_genetics

    Diagram illustrating the development process of avian flu vaccine by reverse genetics techniques. Reverse genetics is a method in molecular genetics that is used to help understand the function(s) of a gene by analysing the phenotypic effects caused by genetically engineering specific nucleic acid sequences within the gene.

  3. Classical pharmacology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_pharmacology

    Forward (classical) and reverse pharmacology approaches in drug discovery. In the field of drug discovery, classical pharmacology, [1] also known as forward pharmacology, [2] [3] [4] or phenotypic drug discovery (PDD), [5] relies on phenotypic screening (screening in intact cells or whole organisms) of chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts to identify ...

  4. List of antiviral drugs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_antiviral_drugs

    List of Antiviral Drugs Antiviral Use Manufacturer Component Type Year approved Abacavir: HIV: ViiV Healthcare: Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) 1998 Acyclovir (Aciclovir) Herpes Simplex, chickenpox, [2] varicella zoster virus: GSK: guanosine analogue RTI 1981 Adefovir: Hepatitis B [3] Gilead Sciences RTI 2002 , 2003 ...

  5. Genetic linkage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_linkage

    Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction.Two genetic markers that are physically near to each other are unlikely to be separated onto different chromatids during chromosomal crossover, and are therefore said to be more linked than markers that are far apart.

  6. List of polysubstance combinations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_polysubstance...

    Any antiretroviral drug: Black tar heroin: Whoonga, Nyaope [8] Widespread use in South Africa. Whoonga is classically reputed to be a combination of heroin with antiretroviral drugs such as ritonavir and/or efavirenz, often combined with additional drugs such as cannabis or hashish, methamphetamine and/or methaqualone: Any deliriant or diphen ...

  7. List of cocaine analogues - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cocaine_analogues

    This is a list of cocaine analogues.A cocaine analogue is an (usually) artificial construct of a novel chemical compound from (often the starting point of natural) cocaine's molecular structure, with the result product sufficiently similar to cocaine to display similarity in, but alteration to, its chemical function.

  8. Retrotransposon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrotransposon

    Through reverse transcription, retrotransposons amplify themselves quickly to become abundant in eukaryotic genomes such as maize (49–78%) [3] and humans (42%). [4] They are only present in eukaryotes but share features with retroviruses such as HIV, for example, discontinuous reverse transcriptase-mediated extrachromosomal recombination. [5] [6]

  9. Molecular anthropology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_anthropology

    There are two continuous linkage groups in humans that are carried by a single sex. The first is the Y chromosome, which is passed from father to son. Anatomical females carry a Y chromosome only rarely, as a result of genetic defect. The other linkage group is the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). MtDNA is almost always only passed to the next ...