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Fibrosis is similar to the process of scarring, in that both involve stimulated fibroblasts laying down connective tissue, including collagen and glycosaminoglycans.The process is initiated when immune cells such as macrophages release soluble factors that stimulate fibroblasts.
In view of the potential clinical applications of stem cell-derived tissues or primary epithelial cells, the use of human fibroblasts as an alternative to MEF feeders has been studied. [14] Whereas the fibroblasts are usually used to maintain pluripotency of the stem cells, they can also be used to facilitate development of the stem cells into ...
Fibroblasts, the main cells that deposit granulation tissue, depend on oxygen to proliferate and lay down the new extracellular matrix. [7] In vascularisation, also called angiogenesis, endothelial cells quickly grow into the tissue from older, intact blood vessels. [8] These branch out in a systematic way, forming anastomoses with other vessels.
Osteopontin is expressed in a variety of tissue types including cardiac fibroblasts, [25] preosteoblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, odontoblasts, some bone marrow cells, hypertrophic chondrocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, [26] smooth muscle, [27] skeletal muscle myoblasts, [28] endothelial cells, and extraosseous (non-bone) cells in the ...
The site of keratinocyte stem cells remains unknown but stem cells are likely to reside in the basal layer of the epidermis and below the bulge area of hair follicles. The fibroblast involved in scarring and contraction is the myofibroblast, [30] which is a specialized contractile fibroblast. [31] These cells express α-smooth muscle actin (α ...
Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that generate the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints.
In normal repair, the hyperplastic type II cells die and the remaining cells spread and undergo a differentiation process to become type I cells. Under pathologic conditions and in the presence of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), fibroblasts accumulate in these areas of damage and differentiate into myofibroblasts that secrete collagen ...
Diagnosis is made on the basis of bone marrow biopsy. Fibrosis grade 2 or 3 defines overt PMF whereas grade 0 or 1 defines prefibrotic primary myelofibrosis. [citation needed] A physical exam of the abdomen may reveal enlargement of the spleen, the liver, or both. [3] Bone marrow biopsy shows fibrosis of the bone marrow.