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The histidine amino acid is a precursor for histamine, an amine produced in the body necessary for inflammation. [25] The enzyme histidine ammonia-lyase converts histidine into ammonia and urocanic acid. A deficiency in this enzyme is present in the rare metabolic disorder histidinemia, producing urocanic aciduria as a key diagnostic finding.
Anti-inflammatory drugs, also called anti-inflammatories, make up about half of analgesics. These drugs remedy pain by reducing inflammation as opposed to opioids , which affect the central nervous system to block pain signaling to the brain.
Famotidine was patented in 1979 and came into medical use in 1985. [6] It is available as a generic medication. [5] In 2022, it was the 49th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 13 million prescriptions. [7] [8]
Subsequently, Reliant developed the oral solution of Axid, marketing this in 2004, after gaining approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). [7] However, a year later, they sold rights of the Axid Oral Solution (including the issued patent [ 8 ] protecting the product) to Braintree Laboratories .
Nonetheless, histatins mainly possess a cationic (positive) charge due to the primary structure consisting mostly of basic amino acids. An amino acid that is crucial to histatin's function is histidine. Studies show that the removal of histidine (especially in histatin 5) resulted in reduction of antifungal activity. [4]
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [1] [3] (NSAID) [1] are members of a therapeutic drug class which reduces pain, [4] decreases inflammation, decreases fever, [1] and prevents blood clots. Side effects depend on the specific drug, its dose and duration of use, but largely include an increased risk of gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeds ...
The enzyme histidine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.22, HDC) is transcribed on chromosome 15, region q21.1-21.2, and catalyzes the decarboxylation of histidine to form histamine. In mammals, histamine is an important biogenic amine with regulatory roles in neurotransmission , gastric acid secretion and immune response .
Consultation of a medical professional is recommended for those who intend to take antihistamines for longer-term use. [ 1 ] Although the general public typically uses the word "antihistamine" to describe drugs for treating allergies, physicians and scientists use the term to describe a class of drug that opposes the activity of histamine ...