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In France, the Inspection du travail is the body responsible for checking whether the provisions of the Labour Code or collective agreements are correctly applied in companies. The labor inspectors primarily control whether companies apply the Labor Code on all points : employment contracts, illegal work, working hours, etc.
It is commonly known as the El Khomri law [1] or the Loi travail. It evoked wide protests by labour unions around the country. The law came into force by a gazette notification on 9 August 2016.
The government of France passed the El Khomri law to reform working conditions for French people. Article 55 under Chapter II "Adapting the Labour Law to the Digital Age" (Adaptation du droit du travail à l'ère du numérique) included a provision to amend the French Labour Code to include the right to disconnect (le droit de la déconnexion).
Following the unification of the city-states in Assyria and Sumer by Sargon of Akkad into a single empire ruled from his home city circa 2334 BC, common Mesopotamian standards for length, area, volume, weight, and time used by artisan guilds in each city was promulgated by Naram-Sin of Akkad (c. 2254–2218 BC), Sargon's grandson, including for shekels. [1]
« L'inspection du travail en France en 1998. les chiffres clés » de Collectif, La Documentation Française, 2000 « L'Inspection du travail », Bureau international du travail, 2000; Gérard Lyon-Caen et Jacques Pellissier, Droit du travail, Dalloz, 1996; Marie-Thérèse Join-Lambert, Politiques sociales, Presses de Sciences-Po et Dalloz, 1997
The Direction Générale du Travail (DGT) is a department of the French government, attached to the Ministry of Labor.The DGT's mission is to coordinate and direct labor policy in order to improve collective and individual relations and working conditions in companies, as well as the quality and effectiveness of the law governing them.
The Ollivier law (Loi Ollivier) was a French law, voted in 25 May 1864, which legalized the right to strike which was not allowed in France since 1791. [1] [2] However it remained limited and still maintained the concept of "impeding the free exercise of employees rights" ("délit d'entrave à la liberté du travail").
Grundgesetz (1949) "Article 9 (Freedom of association). (1) All Germans have the right to form associations and societies. (2) Associations, the objects or activities of which conflict with the criminal laws or which are directed against the constitutional order or the concept of international understanding, are prohibited.