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The Kell factor, named after RCA engineer Raymond D. Kell, [1] is a parameter used to limit the bandwidth of a sampled image signal to avoid the appearance of beat frequency patterns when displaying the image in a distinct display device, usually taken to be 0.7.
This was based on a TV rate camera viewing a monitor displaying the Apollo slow-scan images. [6] Movies (shot at 24 frames per second) are converted to television (roughly 50 or 60 fields [B] per second). To convert a 24 frame/sec movie to 60 field/sec television, for example, alternate movie frames are shown 2 and 3 times, respectively.
Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is an engineering term for the ratio between the maximum possible power of a signal and the power of corrupting noise that affects the fidelity of its representation.
This is an example of a case where sensivity is defined as the minimum input signal required to produce a specified output signal having a specified signal-to-noise ratio. [2] This definition has the advantage that the sensitivity is closely related to the detection limit of a sensor if the minimum detectable SNR o is specified ( SNR ).
Usually, a factor k is used in the equation above, modified to be k > 1 means geometrically reduced bulge and a longer service range. On the other hand, k < 1 means a shorter service range. Under normal weather conditions, k is usually chosen [5] to be 4 ⁄ 3. That means that the maximum service range increases by 15%.
Friis formula or Friis's formula (sometimes Friis' formula), named after Danish-American electrical engineer Harald T. Friis, is either of two formulas used in telecommunications engineering to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of a multistage amplifier. One relates to noise factor while the other relates to noise temperature.
The sensitivity of a (digital or film) imaging system is typically described in the terms of the signal level that yields a threshold level of SNR. Industry standards define sensitivity in terms of the ISO film speed equivalent, using SNR thresholds (at average scene luminance) of 40:1 for "excellent" image quality and 10:1 for "acceptable ...
In television technology, Wide Screen Signaling (WSS) [1] is digital metadata embedded in invisible part of the analog TV signal describing qualities of the broadcast, in particular the intended aspect ratio of the image.