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Elemental gallium is not found in nature, but it is easily obtained by smelting. Very pure gallium is a silvery blue metal that fractures conchoidally like glass . Gallium's volume expands by 3.10% when it changes from a liquid to a solid so care must be taken when storing it in containers that may rupture when it changes state.
Bauxite is the main source of the rare metal gallium. [17] During the processing of bauxite to alumina in the Bayer process, gallium accumulates in the sodium hydroxide liquor. From this it can be extracted by a variety of methods. The most recent is the use of ion-exchange resin. [18]
Triethylgallium is the organogallium compound with the formul Ga(C 2 H 5) 3.Also called TEGa, it is a metalorganic source of gallium for metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) of compound semiconductors.
World Book Encyclopedia, Exploring Earth. HyperPhysics, Georgia State University, Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust. Eric Scerri, The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, Oxford University Press, 2007 "EarthRef.org Digital Archive (ERDA) -- Major Element Composition of the Core vs the Bulk Earth". earthref.org
Organogallium compounds can be synthesized by transmetallation, for example the reaction of gallium metal with dimethylmercury: 2Ga + 3Me 2 Hg → 2Me 3 Ga + 3 Hg. or via organolithium compounds or Grignards: GaCl 3 + 3MeMgBr → Me 3 Ga + 3MgBrCl. The electron-deficient nature of gallium can be removed by complex formation, for example
The curbs strengthen enforcement of existing limits on critical minerals exports that Beijing began rolling out last year, but apply only to the U.S. market, in the latest escalation of trade ...
Galinstan is a brand name for an alloy composed of gallium, indium, and tin which melts at −19 °C (−2 °F) and is thus liquid at room temperature. [4] [5] In scientific literature, galinstan is also used to denote the eutectic alloy of gallium, indium, and tin, which melts at around +11 °C (52 °F). [5]
All of the discovered alkali metals occur in nature as their compounds: in order of abundance, sodium is the most abundant, followed by potassium, lithium, rubidium, caesium, and finally francium, which is very rare due to its extremely high radioactivity; francium occurs only in minute traces in nature as an intermediate step in some obscure ...