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  2. Bubble point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble_point

    In thermodynamics, the bubble point is the temperature (at a given pressure) where the first bubble of vapor is formed when heating a liquid consisting of two or more components. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Given that vapor will probably have a different composition than the liquid, the bubble point (along with the dew point ) at different compositions are ...

  3. List of boiling and freezing information of solvents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_boiling_and...

    Freezing point (°C) K f (°C⋅kg/mol) Data source; Aniline: 184.3 3.69 –5.96 –5.87 K b & K f [1] Lauric acid: 298.9 44 –3.9 Acetic acid: 1.04 117.9 3.14 16.6 ...

  4. Vapor–liquid equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor–liquid_equilibrium

    The mole fraction of each component would correspond to where a point lies along a line starting at that component's corner and perpendicular to the opposite edge. The bubble point and dew point data would become curved surfaces inside a triangular prism, which connect the three boiling points on the vertical temperature "axes". Each face of ...

  5. Maximum bubble pressure method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_bubble_pressure_method

    At the point of the maximum bubble pressure, the bubble has a complete hemispherical shape whose radius is identical to the radius of the capillary denoted by Rcap. The surface tension can be determined using the Young–Laplace equation in the reduced form for spherical bubble shape within the liquid.

  6. Zero-point energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-point_energy

    The concept of zero-point energy was developed by Max Planck in Germany in 1911 as a corrective term added to a zero-grounded formula developed in his original quantum theory in 1900. [ 26 ] In 1912, Max Planck published the first journal article to describe the discontinuous emission of radiation, based on the discrete quanta of energy. [ 27 ]

  7. Boiling point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_point

    The dew point is a temperature at which a vapor condenses into a liquid. Furthermore, at any given temperature, the composition of the vapor is different from the composition of the liquid in most such cases. In order to illustrate these effects between the volatile components in a mixture, a boiling point diagram is commonly used.

  8. Boiling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling

    Simmering is gentle boiling, while in poaching the cooking liquid moves but scarcely bubbles. [14] The boiling point of water is typically considered to be 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K), especially at sea level. Pressure and a change in the composition of the liquid may alter the boiling point of the liquid.

  9. Nucleate boiling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleate_boiling

    Thus large bubbles form, sometimes blocking the passage of the fluid. This results in a departure from nucleate boiling (DNB) in which steam bubbles no longer break away from the solid surface of the channel, bubbles dominate the channel or surface, and the heat flux dramatically decreases. Vapor essentially insulates the bulk liquid from the ...