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Yoy has two different phonemic vowel lengths.There are nine short vowels and nine long vowels. In the word-final open syllables, there is no contrast between short and long vowels, but in closed syllables and non-final open syllables, short and long vowels are distinctive.
Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is any of three processes in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed by two or more syllables, at least the first of which is unstressed, for example, grateful vs gratitude, profound vs profundity.
The same process also affects stressed front and back vowels in hiatus if they are antepenultimate (in the third-to-last syllable of a word). When /j/ is produced, primary stress shifts to the following vowel, but when /w/ is produced, primary stress shifts instead to the preceding syllable, as in /fiːˈliolus, teˈnueram/ > /fiːˈljolus ...
Huber & Reed, Howard, and O'Brien all analyze six vowel phonemes in Kamëntšá: /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/, and /ɨ/. [7] [8] [9] O'Brien notes that /ɨ/ has a limited distribution and is rarely found at the beginnings of words, [10] and that [] in many cases may be an allophone of /e/ before palatal consonants. [11]
Short-a (or /æ/) tensing can manifest in a variety of possible ways, including "continuous", discrete, and phonemic ("split").In a continuous system, the phoneme /æ/, as in man, can be pronounced on a continuum from a lax-vowel pronunciation ⓘ to a tense-vowel pronunciation ⓘ, depending on the context in which it appears.
Velar [k ɣ sk] can be found before unstressed back vowels in words such as dīcas, plegode, æscas, [81] whereas palatal [tʃ j ʃ] can be found before unstressed back vowels in words that originally contained an etymological *j or *i after the consonant, such as sēċan, wierġan, wȳsċan from Proto-Germanic *sōkijaną, *wargijaną ...
Ojibwe has a series of three short oral vowels and four long ones. The two series are characterized by both length and quality differences. The short vowels are /ɪ o ə/ (roughly the vowels in American English bit, bot, and but, respectively) and the long vowels are /iː oː aː eː/ (roughly as in American English beet, boat, ball, and bay respectively).
A vowel followed by a consonant at the end of a word is short in English, except that final -es is always long, as in Pales / ˈ p eɪ l iː z / PAY-leez. In the middle of a word, a vowel followed by more than one consonant is short, as in Hermippe / h ər ˈ m ɪ p i / hər-MIP-ee, while a vowel with no following