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Also called cerebellar tonsillar ectopia, or tonsillar herniation. Although often congenital, Chiari malformation symptoms can also be induced due to physical head trauma, commonly from raised intracranial pressure secondary to a hematoma, or increased dural strain pulling the brain caudally into the foramen magnum.
In addition to tonsillar ectopia, patients with this entity also have caudal descent of the brainstem. A significant proportion of these patients require a second surgery as a result of persistent syringomyelia. [30] [36] Headache and neck pain, similar to Chiari I II This is the only type also known as an "Arnold–Chiari" malformation.
Cerebellar tonsillar ectopia, aka Chiari malformation, a herniation of the brain through the foramen magnum, which may be congenital or caused by trauma. Ectopic cilia, a hair growing where it isn't supposed to be, commonly an eyelash on an abnormal spot on the eyelid, distichia
A stress fracture is a fatigue-induced bone fracture caused by repeated stress over time. Instead of resulting from a single severe impact, stress fractures are the result of accumulated injury from repeated submaximal loading, such as running or jumping. Because of this mechanism, stress fractures are common overuse injuries in athletes. [1]
[2] [3] Causes of a primary CSF leak are those of trauma including from an accident or intentional injury, or arising from a medical intervention known as iatrogenic. A basilar skull fracture as a cause can give the sign of CSF leakage from the ear, nose or mouth. [4] A lumbar puncture can give the symptom of a post-dural-puncture headache.
“CPR is not the cause of the multiplicity of these rib fractures.” Dr Armour concluded the injuries were caused by an “excessive compressive or squeezing force applied around the chest”.
Macrophages and other white blood cells concentrate by the tonsillar crypts as well, in response to the microorganisms attracted to the crypts. Accordingly, the tonsillar crypts serve a forward sentry role for the immune system , by providing early exposure of immune system cells to infectious organisms which may be introduced into the body via ...
In transcalvarial herniation, the brain squeezes through a fracture or a surgical site in the skull. [7] Also called "external herniation", this type of herniation may occur during craniectomy , surgery in which a flap of skull is removed, the protruding brain region preventing the piece of skull from being replaced during the operation.