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The scientific study of the causes of developmental disorders involves many theories. Some of the major differences between these theories involves whether environment disrupts normal development, if abnormalities are pre-determined, or if they are products of human evolutionary history which become disorders in modern environments (see evolutionary psychiatry). [5]
Students with EBD that show externalizing behavior are often diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder,autism spectrum disorder and/or bipolar disorder; however, this population can also include typically developing children that have learned to exhibit externalizing ...
Clinically significant symptoms of these two conditions commonly co-occur, and children with both sets of symptoms may respond poorly to standard ADHD treatments. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder may benefit from additional types of medications. [13] [14] The term AuDHD is sometimes used for those with both autism and ADHD.
[115] [116] There are well established associations between ADHD and obesity, asthma and sleep disorders, [117] and an association with celiac disease. [118] Children with ADHD have a higher risk for migraine headaches, [119] but have no increased risk of tension-type headaches. Children with ADHD may also experience headaches as a result of ...
Mental disorders diagnosed in childhood can be neurodevelopmental, emotional, or behavioral disorders. These disorders negatively impact the mental and social wellbeing of a child, and children with these disorders require support from their families and schools. Childhood mental disorders often persist into adulthood.
Some said ADHD may go underdiagnosed in Black children due to factors including parental beliefs about ADHD and less access to adequate health care. Other research suggests culture also has an impact.
Autism, also called autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of deficient reciprocal social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive, and inflexible patterns of behavior. While its severity and specific manifestations vary widely across the ...
To see how students' age relative to their classmates might influence their odds of an ADHD diagnosis, Chen and colleagues analyzed data on about 370,000 Taiwanese children aged 4 to 17 years ...