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The ST2 cardiac biomarker (also known as soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1) is a protein biomarker of cardiac stress encoded by the IL1RL1 gene. ST2 signals the presence and severity of adverse cardiac remodeling and tissue fibrosis, which occurs in response to myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, or worsening heart failure.
The ST2 protein has two isoforms and is directly implicated in the progression of cardiac disease: a soluble form (referred to as soluble ST2 or sST2) and a membrane-bound receptor form (referred to as the ST2 receptor or ST2L). When the myocardium is stretched, the ST2 gene is upregulated, increasing the concentration of circulating soluble ...
Soluble ST2 has now been published in more than 100 peer-reviewed articles and scientific posters studying more than 40,000 patients. These clinical studies have demonstrated that high levels of ...
Clinical Advantages of Critical Diagnostics' Cardiac Biomarker ST2 Featured In YouTube Video Study shows ST2 combined with troponin to be superior to Roche's NT-proBNP for risk stratification of ...
Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a cytokine belonging to the IL-1 superfamily. IL-33 induces helper T cells, mast cells, eosinophils and basophils to produce type 2 cytokines. This cytokine was previously named NF-HEV 'nuclear factor (NF) in high endothelial venules' (HEVs) since it was originally identified in these specialized cells. [9]
This region (ST2; GeneID: 6761) [2] on chromosome 11 represents a putative locus that is associated with various forms of cancer. It has been confused in the published literature [ 3 ] with the IL1RL1 gene (GeneID: 9173), [ 4 ] which has the alias ST2, but is located on chromosome 2 and encodes a member of the interleukin 1 receptor family, IL1RL1.
Interleukin 1 receptor, type I (IL1R1) also known as CD121a (Cluster of Differentiation 121a), is an interleukin receptor. IL1R1 also denotes its human gene. [5]The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine receptor that belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family.
Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RAP gene. [5] [6] [7]Interleukin 1 induces synthesis of acute phase and proinflammatory proteins during infection, tissue damage, or stress, by forming a complex at the cell membrane with an interleukin 1 receptor and an accessory protein.