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Insecticidal soap is used to control many plant insect pests. Soap has been used for more than 200 years as an insect control. [1] Because insecticidal soap works on direct contact with pests via the disruption of cell membranes when the insect is penetrated with fatty acids, the insect's cells leak their contents causing the insect to dehydrate and die. [2]
The exact chemical reaction leading to the synthesis of lime sulfur is generally written as: Ca(OH) 2 + x / 8 S 8 → CaS x + by-products (S 2 O 2− 3, SO 2− 3, SO 2− 4) as reported in a document of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Dinitro-ortho-cresol (DNOC) is an organic compound with the structural formula CH 3 C 6 H 2 (NO 2) 2 OH. It is a yellow solid that is only slightly soluble in water. It is extremely toxic to humans and was previously used as a herbicide and insecticide.
Diazinon is a contact insecticide which kills insects by altering normal neurotransmission within the nervous system of the insect. As mentioned above, diazinon inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) in cholinergic synapses and neuromuscular junctions .
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In 1945 the ortho-methyl group was replaced by a sec-butyl group, producing dinoseb. This compound had a superior contact and stomach activity on insects and mites. [ 3 ] Dinoseb became commercially available in 1945 and was approved for use in the United States based on safety data from Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories. [ 4 ]
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