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Although the deep blue eyes of some people such as Elizabeth Taylor can appear purple or violet at certain times, "true" violet-colored eyes occur only due to albinism. [73] [74] [75] Eyes that appear red or violet under certain conditions due to albinism occur in less than 1 percent of the world's population. [70]
Rods usually do not contribute to color vision (except in mesopic conditions [citation needed]) and have not evolved significantly in the era of primates [citation needed], so they will not be discussed here. It is the cone cells, which are used for photopic vision, that facilitate color vision.
For example, a white page under blue, pink, or purple light will reflect mostly blue, pink, or purple light to the eye, respectively; the brain, however, compensates for the effect of lighting (based on the color shift of surrounding objects) and is more likely to interpret the page as white under all three conditions, a phenomenon known as ...
Color psychology is the study of colors and hues as a determinant of human behavior. Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food. Colors have qualities that may cause certain emotions in people. [ 1 ]
Researchers studying the opsin genes responsible for color-vision pigments have long known that four photopigment opsins exist in birds, reptiles and teleost fish. [3] This indicates that the common ancestor of amphibians and amniotes (≈350 million years ago) had tetrachromatic vision — the ability to see four dimensions of color.
The four pigments in a bird's cone cells (in this example, estrildid finches) extend the range of color vision into the ultraviolet. [1]Tetrachromacy (from Greek tetra, meaning "four" and chroma, meaning "color") is the condition of possessing four independent channels for conveying color information, or possessing four types of cone cell in the eye.
The human eye's red-to-green and blue-to-yellow values of each one-wavelength visible color [citation needed] Human color sensation is defined by the sensitivity curves (shown here normalized) of the three kinds of cone cells: respectively the short-, medium- and long-wavelength types.
Similarly, blue and violet hues are perceived when the S receptor is stimulated more. S Cones are most sensitive to light at wavelengths around 420 nm. However, the lens and cornea of the human eye are increasingly absorptive to shorter wavelengths, and this sets the short wavelength limit of human-visible light to approximately 380 nm, which ...