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  2. Transduction (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transduction_(genetics)

    Transduction This is an illustration of the difference between generalized transduction, which is the process of transferring any bacterial gene to a second bacterium through a bacteriophage and specialized transduction, which is the process of moving restricted bacterial genes to a recipient bacterium. While generalized transduction can occur ...

  3. Two-component regulatory system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-component_regulatory...

    Two-component systems accomplish signal transduction through the phosphorylation of a response regulator (RR) by a histidine kinase (HK). Histidine kinases are typically homodimeric transmembrane proteins containing a histidine phosphotransfer domain and an ATP binding domain, though there are reported examples of histidine kinases in the atypical HWE and HisKA2 families that are not ...

  4. Bacterial recombination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_recombination

    Bacterial recombination is a type of genetic recombination in bacteria characterized by DNA transfer from one organism called donor to another organism as recipient. This process occurs in three main ways: Transformation, the uptake of exogenous DNA from the surrounding environment. Transduction, the virus-mediated transfer of DNA between bacteria.

  5. Horizontal gene transfer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_gene_transfer

    A prime example concerning the spread of exotoxins is the adaptive evolution of Shiga toxins in E. coli through horizontal gene transfer via transduction with Shigella species of bacteria. [57] Strategies to combat certain bacterial infections by targeting these specific virulence factors and mobile genetic elements have been proposed. [ 12 ]

  6. Lysogenic cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysogenic_cycle

    An example of a virus that uses the lysogenic cycle to its advantage is the Herpes Simplex Virus. [10] After first entering the lytic cycle and infecting a human host, it enters the lysogenic cycle. This allows it to travel to the nervous system's sensory neurons and remain undetected for long periods of time.

  7. Gene transfer agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_transfer_agent

    Comparison of typical phage (bacteriophage) infection and transduction (A) with typical GTA (gene transfer agent) production and transduction (B). Gene transfer agents (GTAs) are DNA-containing virus-like particles that are produced by some bacteria and archaea and mediate horizontal gene transfer. Different GTA types have originated ...

  8. Run-and-tumble motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-and-tumble_motion

    Run-and-tumble motion is a movement pattern exhibited by certain bacteria and other microscopic agents. It consists of an alternating sequence of "runs" and "tumbles": during a run, the agent propels itself in a fixed (or slowly varying) direction, and during a tumble, it remains stationary while it reorients itself in preparation for the next run.

  9. Signal transduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_transduction

    Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events. Proteins responsible for detecting stimuli are generally termed receptors , although in some cases the term sensor is used. [ 1 ]