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Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden on 21 October 1833. He was the third son of Immanuel Nobel (1801–1872), an inventor and engineer, and Andriette Nobel (née Ahlsell 1805–1889).
Alfred Nobel, who died childless, was the inventor of dynamite and the founder of the Nobel Prizes to the creation of which he left the bulk of his estate. The Nobel family has created several societies, including the Nobel Family Society, a private society of which only the descendants of Immanuel Nobel, the younger are eligible as members ...
Karolina Andriette Nobel (born Karolina Andriette Ahlsell; [1] [2] 30 September 1803 – 7 December 1889 [3]) was a Swedish woman and the mother of scientist Alfred Nobel. Andriette was the daughter of Carolina Roospigg, [4] and her father worked as a head clerk. [1] On the 8th of July 1827 she married Immanuel Nobel, Alfred's father.
The Nobel Prize was funded by Alfred Nobel's personal fortune. According to the official sources, Alfred Nobel bequeathed most of his fortune to the Nobel Foundation that now forms the economic base of the Nobel Prize. [25] The Nobel Foundation was founded as a private organisation on 29 June 1900.
The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed on "those who conferred the greatest benefit on humankind" in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences, [nb 1] [1] instituted by Alfred Nobel's last will, which specified that a part of his fortune be used to create the prizes.
1: The Clark Medal is awarded annually (biennially before 2009) to an economist under 40 years of age who work in the U.S. at the time of the award, regardless of his/her nationality. The Clark is known as the "Baby Nobel" in economics because around a third of the medalists have gone on to win the Nobel, the average age of whose laureates ...
Nobel bequeathed 94% of his total assets, 31 million Swedish kronor, to establish and endow the five Nobel Prizes. [11] (As of 2024 that equates to 266 million US dollars.) Alfred Nobel's will from 25 November 1895. The whole of my remaining realizable estate shall be dealt with in the following way:
Alfred Nobel's will further specified that the prize be awarded by a committee of five people chosen by the Norwegian Parliament. [15] [16] Nobel died in 1896 and he did not leave an explanation for choosing peace as a prize category. As he was a trained chemical engineer, the categories for chemistry and physics were obvious choices. The ...