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Calcitriol is a hormone and the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] It is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol . It binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor in the nucleus of the cell, which then increases the expression of many genes. [ 11 ]
Calcitriol plays a key role in regulating vitamin D levels through a negative feedback mechanism. [203] It strongly upregulates the expression of the enzyme CYP24A1 , which inactivates vitamin D. This activation happens through binding of the activated vitamin D receptor (VDR) to two vitamin D response elements (VDREs) in the in the CYP24A1 gene.
The natural, active form of vitamin D is calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol). This molecule and other naturally occurring forms of vitamin D, including its precursors and metabolites, have been modified to synthesize pharmaceuticals with potentially greater, or selective, therapeutic actions. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Left: A hormone feedback loop in a female adult. (1) follicle-stimulating hormone, (2) luteinizing hormone, (3) progesterone, (4) estradiol.Right: auxin transport from leaves to roots in Arabidopsis thaliana
Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) is the active form of vitamin D 3. [10] It has numerous functions involved in blood calcium levels. Recent research indicates that calcitriol leads to a reduction in osteoclast formation, and bone resorption.
5741 19226 Ensembl ENSG00000152266 ENSMUSG00000059077 UniProt P01270 Q9Z0L6 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000315 NM_001316352 NM_020623 RefSeq (protein) NP_000306 NP_001303281 NP_065648 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 13.49 – 13.5 Mb Chr 7: 112.98 – 112.99 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Parathyroid hormone (PTH), also called parathormone or parathyrin, is a peptide hormone secreted ...
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Elevated 1,25(OH) 2 D (see calcitriol under Vitamin D) levels (e.g., sarcoidosis and other granulomatous diseases such as tuberculosis, berylliosis, histoplasmosis, Crohn's disease, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis) Idiopathic hypercalcaemia of infancy [23] Rebound hypercalcaemia after rhabdomyolysis
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