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This is a list of the largest known epidemics and pandemics caused by an infectious disease in humans. Widespread non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer are not included. An epidemic is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time; in meningococcal ...
25,000,000 – 50,000,000 (estimated) The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Europe from 1346 to 1353. It was one of the most fatal pandemics in human history; as many as 50 million people [2] perished, perhaps 50% of Europe's 14th century population. [3] The disease is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and spread by ...
Plague is considered to be endemic in 26 countries around the world, with most cases found in remote areas of Africa. [68] The three most endemic countries are Madagascar, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Peru. [69] Outbreaks with dozens of deaths occurred in Madagascar in 2014 and 2017, in India in 1994, and Congo in 2006.
The 1918 influenza pandemic has been declared, according to Barry's text, as the 'deadliest plague in history'. The extensiveness of this declaration can be supported through the following statements: "the greatest medical holocaust in history" [2] and "the pandemic ranks with the plague of Justinian and the Black Death as one of the three most destructive human epidemics". [3]
The bubonic form of the plague has a mortality rate of thirty to seventy-five percent and symptoms include fever of 38–41 °C (101–105 °F), headaches, painful aching joints, nausea and vomiting, and a general feeling of malaise. The second most common form is the pneumonic plague and has symptoms that include fever, cough, and blood-tinged ...
Plague (disease) Yersinia pestis seen at 200× magnification with a fluorescent label. Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. [2] Symptoms include fever, weakness and headache. [1] Usually this begins one to seven days after exposure. [2] There are three forms of plague, each affecting a different part of the ...
The second plague pandemic was a major series of epidemics of plague that started with the Black Death, which reached medieval Europe in 1346 and killed up to half of the population of Eurasia in the next four years. It followed the first plague pandemic that began in the 6th century with the Plague of Justinian, but had ended in the 8th ...
Black Death migration. Plaque in Weymouth, England. The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people in Eurasia, and peaking in Eurasia from 1321 to 1353. Its migration followed the sea and land trading routes of the medieval world.