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Continuous decompression to 1.9 bar over 15 minutes; 60 minutes at 1.9 bar (30 fsw) Continuous decompression to surface over 15 minutes; Neurological decompression sickness, arterial gas embolism or unresolved symptoms after 10 minutes at treatment pressure: [18] 30 minutes at 2.8 bar (60 fsw) Continuous decompression to 1.9 bar over 30 minutes
Adaptations to pressure must deal with the mechanical effects of pressure on gas filled cavities, solubility changes of gases under pressure, and possible direct effects of pressure on the metabolism, while adaptations to breath-hold capacity include modifications to metabolism, perfusion, carbon dioxide tolerance, and oxygen storage capacity.
The formula simply divides the absolute partial pressure of oxygen which can be tolerated (expressed in atm or bar) by the fraction of oxygen in the breathing gas, to calculate the absolute pressure at which the mix can be breathed. (for example, 50% nitrox can be breathed at twice the pressure of 100% oxygen, so divide by 0.5, etc.).
One of the more frequently used treatment schedules is the US Navy Table 6, which provides hyperbaric oxygen therapy with a maximum pressure equivalent to 60 feet (18 m) of seawater (2.8 bar P O 2) for a total time under pressure of 288 minutes, of which 240 minutes are on oxygen and the balance are air breaks to minimise the possibility of ...
Decompression in the context of diving derives from the reduction in ambient pressure experienced by the diver during the ascent at the end of a dive or hyperbaric exposure and refers to both the reduction in pressure and the process of allowing dissolved inert gases to be eliminated from the tissues during this reduction in pressure.
60 m (200 ft) Depth limit for a group of 2 to 3 French Level 3 recreational divers, breathing air. [17] 66 m (217 ft) Depth at which breathing compressed air exposes the diver to an oxygen partial pressure of 1.6 bar (23 psi). Greater depth is considered to expose the diver to an unacceptable risk of oxygen toxicity. [nb 2] 100 m (330 ft)
For example, hydrogen at a given pressure has a narcotic effect equivalent to nitrogen at 0.55 times that pressure, so in principle it should be usable at more than twice the depth. Argon, however, has 2.33 times the narcotic effect of nitrogen, and is a poor choice as a breathing gas for diving (it is used as a drysuit inflation gas, owing to ...
Gas pressure increases with depth, rising 1 bar (14.5 psi (100 kPa)) every 10 meters to over 1,100 bar at the bottom of the Mariana Trench. Diving becomes more dangerous as depth increases, and deep diving presents many hazards. All surface-breathing animals are subject to decompression sickness, including aquatic mammals [48] and free-diving ...