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Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency is an autosomal recessive condition, meaning an individual needs to have two faulty copies of the DDC gene in order to be affected. Usually, one copy is inherited from each parent. [3]
A girl with the physical signs and symptoms of Kwashiorkor, which is an extreme form of malnutrition-associated hypoalbuminemia. Kwashiorkor is a disease of malnutrition characterized by decreased protein intake and amino acid deficiency resulting in hypoalbuminemia and a characteristic physical presentation.
HFI is caused by a deficiency of fructose 1,6-biphosphate aldolase in the liver, kidney cortex and small intestine. Infants and adults are asymptomatic unless they ingest fructose or sucrose. [citation needed] Deficiency of hepatic fructose 1,6-biphosphate (FBPase) causes impaired gluconeogenesis, hypoglycemia and severe metabolic acidemia.
Traditionally the inherited metabolic diseases were classified as disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, organic acid metabolism, or lysosomal storage diseases. [4] In recent decades, hundreds of new inherited disorders of metabolism have been discovered and the categories have proliferated.
Symptoms of the deficiency are caused by the inability to reuse biotin molecules that are needed for cell growth, production of fatty acids and the metabolism of fats and amino acids. If left untreated, the symptoms can lead to later problems such as comas or death.
Branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase kinase deficiency (BCKDK deficiency) is a disease resulting from mutations of the BCKDK gene. Patients with BCKDK deficiency have low levels of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) in their organism due to accelerated breakdown of these essential amino acids.
Most of the organic acidemias result from defective autosomal genes for various enzymes important to amino acid metabolism.Neurological and physiological harm is caused by this impaired ability to synthesize a key enzyme required to break down a specific amino acid, or group of amino acids, resulting in acidemia and toxicity to specific organs systems.
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD deficiency or MCADD) is a disorder of fatty acid oxidation that impairs the body's ability to break down medium-chain fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. The disorder is characterized by hypoglycemia and sudden death without timely intervention, most often brought on by periods of fasting or vomiting.