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Free indirect discourse can be described as a "technique of presenting a character's voice partly mediated by the voice of the author". In the words of the French narrative theorist Gérard Genette, "the narrator takes on the speech of the character, or, if one prefers, the character speaks through the voice of the narrator, and the two instances then are merged". [1]
Some examples of changes in form in indirect speech in English are given below. See also Sequence of tenses, and Uses of English verb forms § Indirect speech. It is raining hard. She says that it is raining hard. (no change) [4] She said that it was raining hard. (change of tense when the main verb is past tense) I have painted the ceiling blue.
Another early example is the use of interior monologue by T. S. Eliot in his poem "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" (1915), "a dramatic monologue of an urban man, stricken with feelings of isolation and an incapability for decisive action," [29] a work probably influenced by the narrative poetry of Robert Browning, including "Soliloquy of ...
In narratology, focalisation is the perspective through which a narrative is presented, as opposed to an omniscient narrator. [1] Coined by French narrative theorist Gérard Genette, his definition distinguishes between internal focalisation (first-person) and external focalisation (third-person, fixed on the actions of and environments around a character), with zero focalisation representing ...
When significant or dramatic events are happening, dialogue can be written in direct quotation. Otherwise, speech can either be summarized as part of the narrative or written as indirect speech which is useful to get to the core of a scene. [2] In The Craft of Writing (1979), American writer of fantasy and science fiction William Sloane wrote:
Narration is the use of a written or spoken commentary to convey a story to an audience. [1] Narration is conveyed by a narrator: a specific person, or unspecified literary voice, developed by the creator of the story to deliver information to the audience, particularly about the plot: the series of events.
“However, a court ruling in Country X finding infringement could have persuasive or indirect effects. For example: If a major platform like YouTube or Spotify is headquartered or has significant ...
They have less narrative or scenic description and much more dialogue than other early 19th-century novels. Austen shapes a distinctive and subtly constructed voice for each character. Her plots are fundamentally about education; her heroines come to see themselves and their conduct more clearly, and become better, more moral people.