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Most people with arthritis severe enough to consider knee replacement have significant wear in two or more of the above compartments, and are treated with total knee replacement (TKA). A minority of people with osteoarthritis have wear primarily in one compartment, usually the medial, and may be candidates for unicompartmental knee replacement.
As well as the standard total knee replacement surgery, the unicompartmental knee replacement, in which only one weight-bearing surface of an arthritic knee is replaced, may be performed, [25] but it bears a significant risk of revision surgery. [26] Joint replacements are used for other joints, most commonly the hip [27] or shoulder. [28]
Stem cells enable surgeons to grow replacement cartilage, which gives the new tissue greater growth potential. [11] [12] While there are few long-term studies as of 2018, a history of knee problems [13] and body weight are factors for how well the procedure will work. [14]
PJIs are the most common cause of knee replacement failures, and the third most common cause of hip replacement failures. [1] As of 2017, 2.1% of hip and 2.3% of knee replacements will at some time develop a PJI. [2] The incidence of PJIs have more than tripled in the last 20 years, with the incidence expected to further increase in the future.
However, in SONK, often just one side of the knee joint is afflicted, so unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) can be considered as an alternative that leads to a shorter recovery time. [3] A meta-analysis concluded that UKA was "an excellent alternative to TKA" with few complications and good survivorship. [3]
[4] [5] Arthrofibrosis can follow knee injury and knee surgeries like arthroscopic knee surgery or knee replacement. Scar tissue can cause structures of the knee to become contracted, restricting normal motion. Depending on the site of scarring, knee cap mobility and/or joint range of motion (i.e. flexion, extension, or both) may be affected. [6]
Joint replacement is considered as a treatment when severe joint pain or dysfunction is not alleviated by less-invasive therapies. Joint replacement surgery is often indicated from various joint diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. [citation needed] Joint replacement has become more common, mostly with knee and hip ...
The partial replacement does not disrupt the knee cap, which makes for a shorter rehabilitation period. A partial replacement also causes minimal blood loss during the procedure, and results in considerably less post-operative pain. The hospitalization time compared with a total knee replacement is also greatly reduced. [1] [3] [5]