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After much data analysis, the causal mechanism for the droughts can be linked to ocean temperature anomalies. Specifically, Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperatures appear to have had an indirect effect on the general atmospheric circulation, while Pacific sea surface temperatures seem to have had the most direct influence. [28] [29] [1]
According to numerous studies, the 1934–35 droughts and heat might have certainly been the worst such events in the 20th century at that particular time. [4] Several states, however, were worse affected when the 1936 North American heat waves and drought spells developed that year and reset records across those areas. [2]
The evidence for this drought is also primarily in tree-ring, rather than rain gauge, data. The 1890s drought, between 1890 and 1896, was the first to be widely and adequately recorded by rain gauges, with much of the American West having been settled.
[1] The drought in 1934 was described as "the worst ever in U.S. history, covering more than 75 percent of the country and affecting 27 states severely." [2] The DRS bought cattle in counties which were designated emergency areas, where cattle were in danger of starvation due to drought. [3] The prices paid ranged from $14 to $20 a head.
The term "Dust Bowl" initially described a series of dust storms that hit the prairies of Canada and the United States during the 1930s. [4] It now describes the area in the United States most affected by the storms, including western Kansas, eastern Colorado, northeastern New Mexico, and the Oklahoma and Texas panhandles. [5]
In early 1931, melting snow and ice flowed downstream and arrived in the middle course of the Yangtze during a period of heavy spring rain. Ordinarily, the region experienced three periods of high water during the spring, summer and fall, respectively; however, in early 1931, there was a single continuous deluge.
Many experienced long stretches of daily maximum temperatures 100 °F (38 °C) or warmer. Drought conditions worsened in some locations. Other states were only slightly warmer than average. The heat wave and drought largely ended in September, although many states were still drier and warmer than average. Many farmers' summer harvests were ...
July 1901 was the hottest month over the contiguous United States until the 1930s, and is currently surpassed only by the Julys of 1931, 1934, 1936 and 2012.It remains the hottest month on record in Kentucky and West Virginia, and throughout the eastern half, heat was extremely persistent without any cool interval – although a violent tornado hit Inwood on the northern tip of Manhattan with ...