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Treatment is first targeted at the specific metabolic disorder. In general, rasburicase and hydration are the mainstays of treatment in patients with clinical evidence of tumor lysis syndrome. [18] A loop diuretic may also be indicated to maintain appropriate production of urine by the kidneys. [18]
Hyperkalemia is an elevated level of potassium (K +) in the blood. [6] [1] Normal potassium levels are between 3.5 and 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L) with levels above 5.5 mmol/L defined as hyperkalemia. [3] [4] Typically hyperkalemia does not cause symptoms. [1] Occasionally when severe it can cause palpitations, muscle pain, muscle weakness ...
Malignant hyperthermia is diagnosed on clinical grounds, but various laboratory investigations may prove confirmatory. These include a raised creatine kinase level, elevated potassium, increased phosphate (leading to decreased calcium) and—if determined—raised myoglobin; this is the result of damage to muscle cells.
Which one patients get can depend on where they get treatment. After three years, 57% of those who got chemo and surgery were alive, compared to 51% of those who got chemo, surgery and radiation.
Following this, high levels of uric acid, potassium and phosphate are found in the blood. High levels of phosphate induce secondary hypoparathyroidism, resulting in low levels of calcium in the blood. [125] This causes kidney damage and the high levels of potassium can cause cardiac arrhythmia. Although prophylaxis is available and is often ...
Potassium binders are medications that bind potassium ions in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby preventing its intestinal absorption. This category formerly consisted solely of polystyrene sulfonate, a polyanionic resin attached to a cation, administered either orally or by retention enema to patients who are at risk of developing hyperkalaemia (abnormal high serum potassium levels).
Treatment of electrolyte imbalance depends on the specific electrolyte involved and whether the levels are too high or too low. [3] The level of aggressiveness of treatment and choice of treatment may change depending on the severity of the disturbance. [3] If the levels of an electrolyte are too low, a common response to electrolyte imbalance ...
Hyperphosphatemia is an electrolyte disorder in which there is an elevated level of phosphate in the blood. [1] Most people have no symptoms while others develop calcium deposits in the soft tissue. [1] The disorder is often accompanied by low calcium blood levels, which can result in muscle spasms. [1]