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Ultimately, Bartlett argued that the mistakes that the participants made could be attributed to "schematic intrusions" [8] - current knowledge interfering with recall. In the 1950s there was a change in the overall study of memory that has come to be known as the cognitive revolution .
The tendency for some people, especially those with depression, to overestimate the likelihood of negative things happening to them. (compare optimism bias) Present bias: The tendency of people to give stronger weight to payoffs that are closer to the present time when considering trade-offs between two future moments. [110] Plant blindness
His dentures were made of lead, gold, hippopotamus ivory, the teeth of various animals, including horse and donkey teeth, [335] [336] and human teeth, possibly bought from slaves or poor people. [ 337 ] [ 338 ] Because ivory teeth quickly became stained, they may have had the appearance of wood to observers.
Association fallacy (guilt by association and honor by association) – arguing that because two things share (or are implied to share) some property, they are the same. [94] Logic chopping fallacy (nit-picking, trivial objections) – Focusing on trivial details of an argument, rather than the main point of the argumentation. [95] [96]
Thus, participants made different attributions about people depending on the information they had access to. Storms used these results to bolster his theory of cognitively-driven attribution biases; because people have no access to the world except through their own eyes, they are inevitably constrained and consequently prone to biases.
In psychology, the misattribution of memory or source misattribution is the misidentification of the origin of a memory by the person making the memory recall.Misattribution is likely to occur when individuals are unable to monitor and control the influence of their attitudes, toward their judgments, at the time of retrieval. [1]
A second theory is that intrusion errors may be responsible, in that memories revolving around a similar time period thus share a common theme, and memories of various points of time within that larger time period become mixed with each other and intrude on each other's recall.
Semantic errors are much less common than contiguity errors. [3] Some patients demonstrating the symptoms of autotopagnosia have a decreased ability to locate parts of other multipart object. Patients are considered to have "pure" autotopagnosia, however, if their deficiency is specific to body part localization. [3]