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The stylomastoid foramen is a foramen between the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone of the skull. It is the termination of the facial canal, and transmits the facial nerve, and stylomastoid artery. Facial nerve inflammation in the stylomastoid foramen may cause Bell's palsy.
Upon emerging from the stylomastoid foramen, the facial nerve gives rise to the posterior auricular branch. It then gives rise to the branch to the posterior belly of the digastric, and then the branch to the stylohyoid. The facial nerve then passes through the parotid gland, which it does not innervate, to form the parotid plexus.
The facial canal gives passage to the facial nerve (CN VII) (hence the name). [1] [verification needed] [better source needed] Its proximal opening is at the internal auditory meatus; its distal opening is the stylomastoid foramen. In humans, the canal is approximately 3 cm long, making it the longest bony canal of a nerve in the human body.
The facial nerve is a mixed ... standard translabyrinthine approach was completed by decompressing the facial nerve totally from stylomastoid foramen to the I.A.C. ...
jugular foramen: 2: internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus, sigmoid sinus: glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), vagus nerve (X), accessory nerve (XI) temporal: posterior cranial fossa: stylomastoid foramen: 2: stylomastoid artery: facial nerve (VII) occipital: posterior cranial fossa: hypoglossal canal: 2-hypoglossal nerve (XII) occipital ...
Before the nerve exits the skull via the stylomastoid foramen and after the nerve to the stapedius muscle has branched off, the facial nerve gives off the chorda tympani nerve. This nerve exits the skull through the petrotympanic fissure and merges with the lingual nerve , after which it synapses with neurons in the submandibular ganglion .
The facial nerve continues traveling through the facial canal, eventually exiting the skull at the stylomastoid foramen. A common mnemonic to remember the anterior quadrants of the inner ear is: "seven up, coke down" (seventh nerve superior, cochlear nerve inferior).
The digastric branch of facial nerve provides motor innervation to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. [1] [2] It branches from the facial nerve (CN VII) near to the stylomastoid foramen [1] as the CN VII exits the facial canal (it thus branches proximal to the parotid plexus of facial nerve). [2]