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After that, Japan calculated its calendar using various Chinese calendar procedures, and from 1685, using Japanese variations of the Chinese procedures. [3] [4] Its sexagenary cycle was often used together with era names, as in the 1729 Ise calendar shown above, which is for "the 14th year of Kyōhō, tsuchi-no-to no tori", i.e., 己酉.
Zodiac tiger, showing the hǔ (虎) character for tiger The Tiger ( 虎 ) is the third of the 12-year cycle of animals which appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar . The Year of the Tiger is associated with the Earthly Branch symbol 寅 .
The year 604, when the Japanese officially adopted the Chinese calendar, was the first year of the cycle. [13] The Korean (환갑; 還甲 hwangap) and Japanese tradition (還暦 kanreki) of celebrating the 60th birthday (literally 'return of calendar') reflects the influence of the sexagenary cycle as a count of years. [14]
The Earthly Branches (also called the Terrestrial Branches or the 12-cycle [1]) are a system of twelve ordered symbols used throughout East Asia.They are indigenous to China, and are themselves Chinese characters, corresponding to words with no concrete meaning other than the associated branch's ordinal position in the list.
The Japanese era name (Japanese: 元号, Hepburn: gengō, "era name") or nengō (年号, year name), is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being "gan ( 元 ) ", meaning "origin, basis"), followed ...
Two separate foliot balances allow this 18th-century Japanese clock to run at two different speeds to indicate unequal hours.. A Japanese clock (和時計, wadokei) is a mechanical clock that has been made to tell traditional Japanese time, a system in which daytime and nighttime are always divided into six periods whose lengths consequently change with the season.
Ambiguities as to which calendar is used for the year are usually only resolved by the context in which the date appears, but imperial calendar dates may be prefixed with a single character or letter denoting the era, e.g. 令5/12/31 or R5/12/31. This is a shorthand notation and full dates are often the preferred way of resolving such ambiguities.
Jōkyō calendar published in 1729. Exhibit in the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan. The Jōkyō calendar (貞享暦, Jōkyō-reki) was a Japanese lunisolar calendar, in use from 1684 to 1753. [1] It was officially adopted in 1685. [2]
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