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Iliotibial band syndrome is one of the leading causes of lateral knee pain in runners. The iliotibial band is a thick band of fascia composing the tendon of the tensor fasciae latae muscle . It is located on the lateral aspect of the knee, extending from the outside of the pelvis , over the hip and knee, and inserting just below the knee.
Chondromalacia patellae (also known as CMP) is an inflammation of the underside of the patella and softening of the cartilage.. The cartilage under the kneecap is a natural shock absorber, and overuse, injury, and many other factors can cause increased deterioration and breakdown of the cartilage.
The more common lateral extra-articular type of snapping hip syndrome occurs when the iliotibial band, tensor fasciae latae, or gluteus medius tendon slides back and forth across the greater trochanter. This normal action becomes a snapping hip syndrome when one of these connective tissue bands thickens and catches with motion.
The iliotibial tract or iliotibial band (ITB; also known as Maissiat's band or the IT band) is a longitudinal fibrous reinforcement of the fascia lata. The action of the muscles associated with the ITB ( tensor fasciae latae and some fibers of gluteus maximus ) flex, extend, abduct, and laterally and medially rotate the hip.
Tight anatomical structures, e.g. retinaculum or iliotibial band [7] Excessive genu valgum and repetitive motion; Patellofemoral pain syndrome can also result from fractures/trauma, internal knee derangement, osteoarthritis of the knee, and bony tumors in or around the knee. [16] [self-published source?]
Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is defined as inflammation of the iliotibial band on the outside of the knee. This inflammation occurs a result of the iliotibial band and the outside of the knee joint rubbing together. The resulting pain typically is initially mild and worsens if running continues.
Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), a form of bursitis, is inflammation of the trochanteric bursa, a part of the hip. This bursa is at the top, outer side of the femur , between the insertion of the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus muscles into the greater trochanter of the femur and the femoral shaft .
There is also a hereditary disease, familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS), which often features knee pain, in addition to hives, fever and pain in other joints, following general exposure to cold. [23]
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