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Muscle weakness can also be classified as either "proximal" or "distal" based on the location of the muscles that it affects. Proximal muscle weakness affects muscles closest to the body's midline, while distal muscle weakness affects muscles further out on the limbs. Proximal muscle weakness can be seen in Cushing's syndrome [18] and ...
Thus the upper arm in humans is proximal and the hand is distal. "Proximal and distal" are frequently used when describing appendages, such as fins, tentacles, and limbs. Although the direction indicated by "proximal" and "distal" is always respectively towards or away from the point of attachment, a given structure can be either proximal or ...
The distal part of the upper limb between the elbow and the radiocarpal joint (wrist joint) is known as the forearm or "lower" arm, and the extremity beyond the wrist is the hand. By anatomical definitions, the bones , ligaments and skeletal muscles of the shoulder girdle , as well as the axilla between them, are considered parts of the upper ...
Left arm pain can happen after an injury or pinched nerve. But in some cases, it could be an early indicator of a heart problem. Here’s what you need to know.
The diagnosis of polyneuropathy begins with a history (anamnesis) and physical examination to ascertain the pattern of the disease process (such as arms, legs, distal, proximal), if they fluctuate, and what deficits and pain are involved. If pain is a factor, determining where and how long it has been present is important; one also needs to ...
Distal tendon rupture will cause significant weakness with respect to forearm supination and flexion, whereas proximal tendon ruptures do not cause significant weakness as a result of their dual proximal tendinous attachments serving as redundancy. [1] [4] This image shows a biceps brachii tendon rupture on the right arm.
By definition, all limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) cause progressive proximal weakness, [3] meaning weakness of the muscles on or close to the torso that worsens over time. Explicitly, LGMD preferentially affects muscles of the hip girdle, thigh, shoulder girdle, and/or upper arm. [8] [6] The muscle weakness is generally symmetric. [11]
Compression of the median nerve in the region of the elbow or proximal part of the forearm can cause pain and/or numbness in the distribution of the distal median nerve, and weakness of the muscles innervated by the anterior interosseous nerve: the flexor pollicis longus ("FPL"), the flexor digitorum profundus of the index finger ("FDP IF"), and the pronator quadratus ("PQ").