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Evolution of the solar luminosity, radius and effective temperature compared to the present-day Sun. After Ribas (2009) [3] The uncrewed SOHO spacecraft was used to measure the radius of the Sun by timing transits of Mercury across the surface during 2003 and 2006. The result was a measured radius of 696,342 ± 65 kilometres (432,687 ± 40 miles).
The closest encounter to the Sun so far predicted is the low-mass orange dwarf star Gliese 710 / HIP 89825 with roughly 60% the mass of the Sun. [4] It is currently predicted to pass 0.1696 ± 0.0065 ly (10 635 ± 500 au) from the Sun in 1.290 ± 0.04 million years from the present, close enough to significantly disturb the Solar System's Oort ...
Average distance from the Sun – Jupiter: 5.2 – Average distance from the Sun – Light-hour: 7.2 – Distance light travels in one hour – Saturn: 9.5 – Average distance from the Sun – Uranus: 19.2 – Average distance from the Sun – Kuiper belt: 30 – Inner edge begins at approximately 30 au [59] Neptune: 30.1 – Average distance ...
The most distant space probe, Voyager 1, was about 18 light-hours (130 au,19.4 billion km, 12.1 billion mi) away from the Earth as of October 2014. [29] It will take about 17 500 years to reach one light-year at its current speed of about 17 km/s ( 38 000 mph , 61 200 km/h) relative to the Sun.
One astronomical unit is the distance from Earth to the Sun, 150 million kilometers. Proxima Centauri, or α Centauri C, is a small faint red dwarf . Though not visible to the naked eye, Proxima Centauri is the closest star to the Sun at a distance of 4.24 ly (1.30 pc), slightly closer than α Centauri AB. Currently, the distance between ...
One astronomical unit (about 150 million kilometres; 93 million miles) is defined as the mean distance between the centers of the Sun and the Earth. The instantaneous distance varies by about ± 2.5 million kilometres (1.6 million miles) as Earth moves from perihelion around 3 January to aphelion around 4 July. [36]
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The calculated stellar distance will be in the same measurement unit as used in Distance earth-sun (e.g. if Distance earth-sun = 1 au, unit for Distance star is in astronomical units; if Distance earth-sun = 1.5813 × 10 −5 ly, unit for Distance star is in light-years).