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  2. Fault indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_indicator

    Ground fault indicators for isolated ground systems sense the vector sum of the current and look for an imbalance indicating a fault on one or more of the three phases. Systems with earthing through high resistance have low phase-to-ground fault currents so require high sensitivity of FI [clarification needed]. When there are high load currents ...

  3. Residual-current device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual-current_device

    A residual-current device (RCD), residual-current circuit breaker (RCCB) or ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) [a] is an electrical safety device that interrupts an electrical circuit when the current passing through a conductor is not equal and opposite in both directions, therefore indicating leakage current to ground or current flowing to another powered conductor.

  4. Electrical fault - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_fault

    For example, a short circuit is a fault in which a live wire touches a neutral or ground wire. An open-circuit fault occurs if a circuit is interrupted by a failure of a current-carrying wire (phase or neutral) or a blown fuse or circuit breaker. In three-phase systems, a fault may involve one or more phases and ground, or may occur only ...

  5. Three-phase electric power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-phase_electric_power

    A three-phase induction motor has a simple design, inherently high starting torque and high efficiency. Such motors are applied in industry for many applications. A three-phase motor is more compact and less costly than a single-phase motor of the same voltage class and rating, and single-phase AC motors above 10 hp (7.5 kW) are uncommon. Three ...

  6. Power system protection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_system_protection

    Earth fault protection also requires current transformers and senses an imbalance in a three-phase circuit. Normally the three phase currents are in balance, i.e. roughly equal in magnitude. If one or two phases become connected to earth via a low impedance path, their magnitudes will increase dramatically, as will current imbalance.

  7. Grounding transformer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grounding_transformer

    Provide a relatively low-impedance path to ground, thereby maintaining the system neutral at or near ground potential. [3] Limit the magnitude of transient overvoltages when restriking ground faults occur. Provide a source of ground fault current during line-to-ground faults. Permit the connection of phase-to-neutral loads when desired. [2]

  8. Symmetrical components - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetrical_components

    Symmetrical components are most commonly used for analysis of three-phase electrical power systems. The voltage or current of a three-phase system at some point can be indicated by three phasors, called the three components of the voltage or the current. This article discusses voltage; however, the same considerations also apply to current.

  9. Ground and neutral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_and_neutral

    Three-phase transformers and their associated neutrals are usually found in industrial distribution environments. A system could be made entirely ungrounded. In this case a fault between one phase and ground would not cause any significant current. Commonly the neutral is grounded (earthed) through a bond between the neutral bar and the earth bar.

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