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The parathyroid glands are variable in number: three or more small glands, [5] and can usually be located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. [5] Occasionally, some individuals may have six, eight, or even more parathyroid glands. [3] Rarely, the parathyroid glands may be within the thyroid gland itself, the chest, or even the thymus ...
Typically, four parathyroid glands, two on each side, lie on each side between the two layers of the thyroid capsule, at the back of the thyroid lobes. [ 4 ] The thyroid gland is covered by a thin fibrous capsule, [ 4 ] which has an inner and an outer layer.
Parathyroid chief cells are much more prevalent in the parathyroid gland than the oxyphil cells. Oxyphil cells may be derived from chief cells at puberty, [2] as they are not present at birth like chief cells. [3] Most individuals display four parathyroid glands adjacent to the thyroid gland anterior in the neck.
Parafollicular cells, also called C cells, are neuroendocrine cells in the thyroid. They are called C cells because the primary function of these cells is to secrete calcitonin. [1] They are located adjacent to the thyroid follicles and reside in the connective tissue. These cells are large and have a pale stain compared with the follicular cells.
The parathyroid is composed of 4 glands with 2 located superiorly and 2 located inferiorly. [23] The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior thyroid and are derived from the endoderm of the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches. [23]
The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland are neuroendocrine organs .
Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the structure and/or function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [1] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ. These hormones normally act in the body to ...
[10] [11] The parathyroid gland is located beside the thyroid gland in the neck, below and in front of the larynx and above the trachea. It is composed of four glands in total that monitor blood calcium levels via the calcium sensing receptors, a g-coupled protein receptor. [12] The parathyroid glands main role is calcium homeostasis.
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