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A phylloquinone, sometimes called vitamin K 1, [16] is the next early electron acceptor in PSI. It oxidizes A 1 in order to receive the electron and in turn is re-oxidized by F x, from which the electron is passed to F b and F a. [16] [17] The reduction of F x appears to be the rate-limiting step. [15]
Cyclohexane is a colourless, flammable liquid with a distinctive detergent-like odor, reminiscent of cleaning products (in which it is sometimes used). Cyclohexane is mainly used for the industrial production of adipic acid and caprolactam, which are precursors to nylon. [5] Cyclohexyl (C 6 H 11) is the alkyl substituent of cyclohexane and is ...
This is the second core process in photosynthesis. The initial stages occur within picoseconds, with an efficiency of 100%. The seemingly impossible efficiency is due to the precise positioning of molecules within the reaction center. This is a solid-state process, not a typical chemical reaction. It occurs within an essentially crystalline ...
The reverse process, which is the first chemical step in photosynthesis, is called carboxylation, the addition of CO 2 to a compound. Enzymes that catalyze decarboxylations are called decarboxylases or, the more formal term, carboxy-lyases (EC number 4.1.1).
Photosynthesis is the only process that allows the conversion of atmospheric carbon (CO2) to organic (solid) carbon, and this process plays an essential role in climate models. This lead researchers to study the sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (i.e., chlorophyll fluorescence that uses the Sun as illumination source; the glow of a plant) as ...
Photoexcitation is the first step in a photochemical process where the reactant is elevated to a state of higher energy, an excited state.The first law of photochemistry, known as the Grotthuss–Draper law (for chemists Theodor Grotthuss and John W. Draper), states that light must be absorbed by a chemical substance in order for a photochemical reaction to take place.
Cyclohexylmethanol can be produced in two step starting with the hydroformylation of cyclohexene. This process also give cyclohexane, resulting from hydrogenation. The resulting cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde is then hydrogenated to give the alcohol. [5] [6]
Ecosystem respiration is the production portion of carbon dioxide in an ecosystem's carbon flux, while photosynthesis typically accounts for the majority of the ecosystem's carbon consumption. [3] Carbon is cycled throughout the ecosystem as various factors continue to uptake or release the carbon in different circumstances.