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Gaza City, situated along the Mediterranean coast, was part of the Seleucid Empire during the Hellenistic period, and later came under Roman rule. [3] During the Hellenistic period, which began with the conquests of Alexander the Great in the late 4th century BCE, there was a large Jewish population in nearby Judea, and Jewish communities also existed in other parts of the region.
The Old Town of Gaza (1862–1863). Picture by Francis Frith The known history of Gaza spans 4,000 years. Gaza was ruled, destroyed and repopulated by various dynasties, empires, and peoples. Originally a Canaanite settlement, it came under the control of the ancient Egyptians for roughly 350 years before being conquered and becoming one of the Philistines' principal cities. Gaza became part ...
Throughout the Roman period, Gaza was a prosperous city and received grants and attention from several emperors. [20] A 500-member senate governed Gaza, and a diverse variety of Greeks, Romans, Phoenicians, Jews, Egyptians, Persians, and Bedouin populated the city. Gaza's mint issued coins adorned with the busts of gods and emperors. [28]
The Old City of Gaza is the historical center of Gaza City, in the Gaza Strip. For much of recorded history it has been the southernmost coastal city in the region of Palestine , occupying a strategic position on ancient trade route of the Via Maris , between Egypt and the Levant .
But the protests continued, reaching fever pitch in 1933, as more Jewish immigrants arrived to make a home for themselves, the influx accelerating from 4,000 in 1931 to 62,000 in 1935.
Arabic is the official language in the State of Palestine. [139] Palestinian Arabic is the vernacular. Hebrew and English are widely spoken. 16.1% of the population are Israeli settlers who mostly speak Hebrew as their native language, and Hebrew is a second or third language to many Palestinians. [140] [141]
Philistia (Hebrew: פְּלֶשֶׁת, romanized: Pəlešeṯ; Biblical Greek: Γῆ τῶν Φυλιστιείμ, romanized: Gê tôn Phylistieím) was a confederation of five main cities or pentapolis in the Southwest Levant, made up of principally Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron, Gath, and for a time, Jaffa (part of present-day Tel Aviv).
The Gaza Strip (/ ˈ ɡ ɑː z ə / ⓘ; [11] Arabic: قِطَاعُ غَزَّةَ Qiṭāʿ Ġazzah [qɪˈtˤɑːʕ ˈɣaz.za]), also known simply as Gaza, is a small territory located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea; it is the smaller of the two Palestinian territories, the other being the West Bank, that make up the State of Palestine.