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Ten years after the Second World War Austria again became an independent republic as the Second Austrian Republic in 1955. Austria joined the European Union in 1995. Historiography
Austria became a federal, representative democratic republic through the Federal Constitutional Law of 1920. The political system of the Second Republic with its nine federal states is based on the constitution of 1920, amended in 1929, which was re-enacted on 1 May 1945. [120] The president of Austria is the head of state. The president is ...
After the Anschluss in 1938, Austria had generally been recognized as part of Nazi Germany. In 1943, however, the Allies agreed in the Declaration of Moscow that Austria would instead be regarded as the first victim of Nazi aggression—without denying Austria's role in Nazi crimes—and treated as a liberated and independent country after the war.
Austria was occupied by the Allies and declared independent from Nazi Germany on 27 April 1945 (confirmed by the Berlin Declaration for Germany on 5 June 1945), as a result of the Vienna offensive. The occupation ended when the Austrian State Treaty came into force on 27 July 1955.
To compensate Babenberg for their loss of Bavaria, Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, issued the Privilegium Minus, elevating Austria to an independent duchy. 1176: November: Henry Jasomirgott broke his hip falling with his horse from a bridge near Melk. 1177: 13 January: Henry Jasomirgott died in Vienna.
After the USSR ceased to exist, the Russian Federation became an independent state and was recognized by the international community as the successor state of the USSR. Spain: 6 December 1978: Spanish Constitution: 1479: Dinastical unification of the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon by the Catholic Monarchs.
The Austrofascism of Austria between 1934 and 1938 focused on the history of Austria and opposed the absorption of Austria into Nazi Germany (according to the philosophy Austrians were "superior Germans"). Schuschnigg called Austria the "better German state" but struggled to keep Austria independent.
The First Austrian Republic (German: Erste Österreichische Republik), officially the Republic of Austria, was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of Republic of German-Austria—and ended with the establishment of the Austrofascist Federal State of Austria based ...