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Valine (symbol Val or V) [4] is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH 3 + form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form under biological conditions), and a side chain isopropyl group, making it a non-polar aliphatic amino acid.
In enzymology, a valine—tRNA ligase ( EC 6.1.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-valine, and tRNA (Val), whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and L-valyl-tRNA (Val) . This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, to be specific those forming carbon-oxygen bonds in ...
Norvaline (abbreviated as Nva) is an amino acid with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 2 CH (NH 2)CO 2 H. The compound is a structural analog of valeric acid and also an isomer of the more common amino acid valine. [2] Like most other α-amino acids, norvaline is chiral. It is a white, water-soluble solid.
Tripeptide. A tripeptide is a peptide derived from three amino acids joined by two or sometimes three peptide bonds. [1] As for proteins, the function of peptides is determined by the constituent amino acids and their sequence. In terms of scientific investigations, the dominant tripeptide is glutathione (γ- L -Glutamyl- L -cysteinylglycine ...
In enzymology, a valine-pyruvate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.66) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-valine and pyruvate, whereas its two products are 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate and L-alanine. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer ...
Cysteine (symbol Cys or C; [5] / ˈsɪstɪiːn /) [6] is a semiessential [7] proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HOOC−CH (−NH2)−CH2−SH. The thiol side chain in cysteine often participates in enzymatic reactions as a nucleophile. Cysteine is chiral, but both D and L -cysteine are found in nature.
C-terminus. A tetrapeptide (example: Val - Gly - Ser - Ala) with green highlighted N -terminal α-amino acid (example: L- valine) and blue marked C -terminal α-amino acid (example: L- alanine). The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal tail, carboxy tail, C-terminal end, or COOH-terminus) is the end of ...
In enzymology, a valine decarboxylase ( EC 4.1.1.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. L-valine 2-methylpropanamine + CO 2. Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, L-valine, and two products, 2-methylpropanamine and CO 2 . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds.
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