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Replay Protected Memory Block. A Replay Protected Memory Block (RPMB) is provided as a means for a system to store data to the specific memory area in an authenticated and replay protected manner and can only be read and written via successfully authenticated read and write accesses. The data may be overwritten by the host but can never be erased.
Unlocked and locked SD cards Sony 64GB SF-M Tough Series UHS-II SDXC Memory Card is one of the few cards in the market without a sliding tab on the write protect notch. Most full-size SD cards have a "mechanical write protect switch" allowing the user to advise the host computer that the user wants the device to be treated as read-only.
Wear leveling. Wear leveling (also written as wear levelling) is a technique [1] for prolonging the service life of some kinds of erasable computer storage media, such as flash memory, which is used in solid-state drives (SSDs) and USB flash drives, and phase-change memory. There are several wear leveling mechanisms that provide varying levels ...
Write blocking, a subset of write protection, is a technique used in computer forensics in order to maintain the integrity of data storage devices. By preventing all write operations to the device, e.g. a hard drive, it can be ensured that the device remains unaltered by data recovery methods.
The SD card and microSD card spec allows for multiple forms of write-protection. The most common form, only available when using a full-size SD card, provides a physical write protection switch which allows the user to advise the host card reader to disallow write access.
NX bit. The NX bit (no-execute) is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of a virtual address space to store either data or processor instructions. An operating system with support for the NX bit may mark certain areas of an address space as non-executable. The processor will then refuse to execute any code residing in these areas of the ...
Another approach to preventing stack buffer overflow exploitation is to enforce a memory policy on the stack memory region that disallows execution from the stack (W^X, "Write XOR Execute"). This means that in order to execute shellcode from the stack an attacker must either find a way to disable the execution protection from memory, or find a ...
In contrast to SD cards, write protection on USB flash drives (when available) is connected to the drive circuitry, and is handled by the drive itself instead of the host (on SD cards handling of the write-protection notch is optional). A drawback to the small physical size of flash drives is that they are easily misplaced or otherwise lost.