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Influenced by his philosophical and psychological theories, Dewey’s concept of instrumentalism in education stressed learning by doing, which was opposed to authoritarian teaching methods and rote learning. These ideas have remained central to educational philosophy in the United States.
Explore John Dewey and his learning theory that emphasises experience, engagement, and reflection. Discover its impact on modern learning.
Dewey’s philosophy of education highlights the importance of imagination to drive thinking and learning forward, and for teachers to provide opportunities for students to suspend judgement, engage in the playful consideration of possibilities, and explore doubtful possibilities.
Dewey’s educational theories and experiments had global reach, his psychological theories influenced that growing science, and his writings about democratic theory and practice helped shape academic and practical debates for decades.
John Dewey (1859–1952) developed extraordinarily influential educational and social theories that had a lasting influence on psychology, pedagogy, and political philosophy, among other fields.
Reflective learning, Dewey stressed, facilitates deeper understanding, but also personal growth and increased capacity to act in the world and contribute to collective emancipation.
While Dewey wrote little that specifically addressed the preparation of teachers, his 1904 essay, “The Relation of Theory to Practice in Education,” makes clear that he grounds his beliefs about teachers’ learning in this same philosophy of experiential learning.
John Dewey's theory essentially comprises a set of instructional concepts and principles that highlight a learner's active role in their own learning. The baseline of his work is grounded in pragmatism, the tangible consequences of the inner workings of a concept or a practice.
Dewey (1938) described progressive education as “a product of discontent with traditional education” which imposes adult standards, subject matter, and methodologies (no page number). He believed that traditional education as just described, was beyond the scope of young learners.
As a result, sweet-tempered John Dewey, who welcomed dialog and experimentation, is blamed for any change that opponents can label “progressive”: open classrooms, cooperative learning, life adjustment, language reading, the attacks on Latin and canonical books, the slighting of the gifted and talented, declining test scores.