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A 3D model of ethyne (), the simplest alkyneIn organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon—carbon triple bond. [1] The simplest acyclic alkynes with only one triple bond and no other functional groups form a homologous series with the general chemical formula C n H 2n−2.
Alkenes are generally colorless non-polar compounds, somewhat similar to alkanes but more reactive. The first few members of the series are gases or liquids at room temperature. The simplest alkene, ethylene (C 2 H 4) (or "ethene" in the IUPAC nomenclature) is the organic compound produced on the largest scale industrially. [5]
Acetylene (systematic name: ethyne) is the chemical compound with the formula C 2 H 2 and structure H−C≡C−H. It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. [8] This colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block. It is unstable in its pure form and thus is usually handled as a solution. [9]
General structure of an alkenyl peroxide. In organic chemistry, alkenyl peroxides are organic peroxides bearing an alkene (R 2 C=CR 2) residue directly at the peroxide (R−O−O−R) group, resulting in the general formula R 2 C=C(R)OOR. They have very weak O-O bonds and are thus generally unstable compounds. [1]
Formula Name Structural formula Chemical classification CH 4: Methane: Alkane C 2 H 2: Acetylene: Alkyne C 2 H 4: Ethylene: Alkene C 2 H 6: Ethane: Alkane C 3 H 4: Propyne: Alkyne C 3 H 6: Propene: Alkene C 3 H 8: Propane: Alkane C 4 H 6: 1,2-Butadiene: Diene: C 4 H 6: 1-Butyne: Alkyne C 4 H 8: 1-Butene: Alkene C 4 H 10: Butane: Alkane C 6 H 10 ...
Cycloalkynes have a general formula C n H 2n−4. Because of the linear nature of the C−C≡C−C alkyne unit, cycloalkynes can be highly strained and can only exist when the number of carbon atoms in the ring is great enough to provide the flexibility necessary to accommodate this geometry.
The hexynes are a subgroup from the group of alkynes. It consists of several isomeric compounds having the formula C 6 H 10. The linear and branched members are: 1-Hexyne (n-butylacetylene) 2-Hexyne (methylpropylacetylene) 3-Hexyne (diethylacetylene) 3-methylpent-1-yne; 4-methylpent-1-yne; 4-methylpent-2-yne; 3,3-dimethylbut-1-yne
Heptynes are alkynes with one triple bond and the molecular formula C 7 H 12. The isomers are: 1-Heptyne; 2-Heptyne; 3-Heptyne