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Durvalumab is FDA approved for the treatment of urothelial carcinoma and unresectable non-small cell lung cancer after chemoradiation. [ 33 ] Cosibelimab (Unloxcyt) by Checkpoint Therapeutics is a PD-L1 inhibitor developed by Dana Farber, and was approved in the United States in December 2024 for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma .
People have had severe infusion-related reactions to pembrolizumab. There have also been severe immune-related adverse effects including lung inflammation (including fatal cases) and inflammation of endocrine organs that caused inflammation of the pituitary gland, of the thyroid (causing both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in different people), and pancreatitis that caused Type 1 diabetes ...
In the US, Aducanumab is indicated for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. [3] [2] In July 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limited the indication to people with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia stage of disease, the population in which treatment was initiated in clinical trials.
Aducanumab, sold under the brand name Aduhelm, is a monoclonal antibody designed to treat Alzheimer's disease. It is a monoclonal antibody that targets aggregated forms (plaque) of amyloid beta (Aβ) found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease to reduce its buildup. [10] It was developed by Biogen and Eisai. [11] Aducanumab is given via intravenous infusion. [5] Aducanumab was ...
Nivolumab, sold under the brand name Opdivo, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. [2] This includes melanoma, lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, head and neck cancer, urothelial carcinoma, colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, and esophageal or gastroesophageal ...
The cohort used for the approved indication was conducted at 40 sites in 7 countries in North America and Europe. [37] In 2022, an early clinical study of dostarlimab reported a 100% remission rate in 14 patients with rectal cancer who had mismatch repair deficiency, a type of genetic mutation that only affects 5-10% of cases. [38] [39] [40]
The first checkpoint antibody approved by the FDA was ipilimumab, approved in 2011 for treatment of melanoma. [2] It blocks the immune checkpoint molecule CTLA-4.Clinical trials have also shown some benefits of anti-CTLA-4 therapy on lung cancer or pancreatic cancer, specifically in combination with other drugs.
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), (CD279 cluster of differentiation 279). PD-1 is a protein encoded in humans by the PDCD1 gene. [5] [6] PD-1 is a cell surface receptor on T cells and B cells that has a role in regulating the immune system's response to the cells of the human body by down-regulating the immune system and promoting self-tolerance by suppressing T cell inflammatory activity.