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Peribronchial cuffing, also referred to as peribronchial thickening or bronchial wall thickening, is a radiologic sign which occurs when excess fluid or mucus buildup in the small airway passages of the lung causes localized patches of atelectasis (lung collapse). [1] This causes the area around the bronchus to appear more prominent on an X-ray ...
High-resolution CT scan of a child with post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans showing glass pattern with air trapping and bronchial thickening. Typically found in young children and is the most common cause at this age. [31]
Radiographic findings include airway dilation, bronchial wall thickening, and atelectasis. [65] There are three types bronchiectasis that can be seen on CT scan, namely cylindrical, varicose, and cystic bronchiectasis. [66]
Plastic bronchitis bronchial casts [80] Plastic bronchitis is a rarely found condition in which thickened secretions plug the bronchi. [81] [82] The plugs are rubbery or plastic-feeling (thus the name). The light-colored plugs take the branching shape of the bronchi that they fill, and are known as bronchial casts. [81]
Obstruction of the lumen of the bronchiole by mucoid exudate, goblet cell metaplasia, epithelial basement membrane thickening and severe inflammation of bronchiole. During an asthma episode, inflamed airways react to environmental triggers such as smoke, dust, or pollen. The airways narrow and produce excess mucus, making it difficult to breathe.
It was described in 1960 by Howard Williams and Peter Campbell. They described a case study of five children with similar clinical and radiological symptoms, and proposed that the abnormal development of cartilage in bronchial tree was responsible for this presentation. [12]
Between March 31 and Oct. 5 of this year, the percentage of cases grew from 1% to 7.2% among children ages 2 to 4, and from 3.6% to 7.4% among those ages 5 to 17, the agency stated.
Also, this disease is predominantly found in the upper lobe with centrilobar ground glass nodules. Importantly, no fibrosis is involved, just bronchial wall thickening. Treatment is to stop smoking. The appearance is similar to desquamative interstitial pneumonia, and some have suggested that the two conditions are caused by the same processes. [5]