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Febrile neutropenia or neutropenic fever is a defined as a single oral temperature value of ≥ 38.3 C (101 F) or a temperature ≥ 38 C (100.4 F) for ≥ 1 hour, with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1500 cell/microliter. [1] In case of severe neutropenia, the ANC is < 500 cell/microliter. [1]
A standardized plan for the management of febrile, neutropenic patients must be devised in each institution or agency., [9] [10] Empirical regimens must contain antibiotics broadly active against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria (a quinolones [i.e. ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin], a fourth-generation cephalosporins [e.g. cefepime, ceftazidime], or ...
Its main uses are in intensive care medicine (pneumonia, peritonitis), some diabetes-related foot infections, and empirical therapy in febrile neutropenia (e.g., after chemotherapy). The drug is administered intravenously every 6 or 8 hr, typically over 3–30 min. It may also be administered by continuous infusion over four hours.
[38] [39] Conditions that indicate the presence of neutropenic fever are implanted devices; leukemia induction; the compromise of mucosal, mucociliary and cutaneous barriers; a rapid decline in absolute neutrophil count, duration of neutropenia >7–10 days, and other illnesses that exist in the patient. [31] Signs of infection can be subtle.
An empirical regimen of antimicrobials should be chosen based on the pattern of bacterial susceptibility and nosocomial infections in the affected area and medical center and the degree of neutropenia. Broad-spectrum empirical therapy (see below for choices) with high doses of one or more antibiotics should be initiated at the onset of fever.
For children with diseases other than above: 3 mg/kg/dose, 3 times a day after meals. The dosage may be adjusted according to the disease or the patients age and symptoms, but not exceed the maximum dose for adults. Safety in low birth weight infants and newborns has not been established. [11]
Meropenem, sold under the brand name Merrem among others, is an intravenous carbapenem antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. [3] Some of these include meningitis, intra-abdominal infection, pneumonia, sepsis, and anthrax.
[5] [6] This risk also applies if taken directly by the baby during this age. [7] It is in the macrolide family of antibiotics and works by decreasing bacterial protein production. [1] Erythromycin was first isolated in 1952 from the bacteria Saccharopolyspora erythraea. [1] [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential ...