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The meter is "read" as a differential pressure head in centimeters or inches of water. The venturi meter and manometer is a common type of flow meter which can be used in many fluid applications to convert differential pressure heads into volumetric flow rate, linear fluid speed, or mass flow rate using Bernoulli's principle.
Feet of water is an alternative way to specify pressure as height of a water column; it is conventionally equated to 2,989.067 pascals (0.4335275 psi). [3] In North America, air and other industrial gases are often measured in inches of water when at low
The kilopound per square inch (ksi) is a scaled unit derived from psi, equivalent to a thousand psi (1000 lbf/in 2). ksi are not widely used for gas pressures. They are mostly used in materials science, where the tensile strength of a material is measured as a large number of psi. [4] The conversion in SI units is 1 ksi = 6.895 MPa, or 1 MPa ...
with being the fluid molecular weight, the fluid compressibility factor, and the universal gas constant. By including in the above relationship between m ˙ {\displaystyle {\dot {m}}} and q ˙ {\displaystyle {\dot {q}}} units of measurement and their conversion between square brackets one obtains
Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m 2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in 2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems.
+1.9 psi High air pressure for human lung, measured for trumpet player making staccato high notes [48] < +16 kPa +2.3 psi Systolic blood pressure in a healthy adult while at rest (< 120 mmHg) (gauge pressure) [44] +19.3 kPa +2.8 psi High end of lung pressure, exertable without injury by a healthy person for brief times [citation needed] +34 kPa ...
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When using "hand in" to convert to hands and inches, the rounded hands and inches values are equivalent, and use the same fraction, if any. Special rounding of the inches value only occurs when "hand in" is the output.