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Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) (also called chemical mechanical planarization) is a process of smoothing surfaces with the combination of chemical and mechanical forces. It can be thought of as a hybrid of chemical etching and free abrasive polishing. [ 1 ]
Electropolishing, also known as electrochemical polishing, anodic polishing, or electrolytic polishing (especially in the metallography field), is an electrochemical process that removes material from a metallic workpiece, reducing the surface roughness by levelling micro-peaks and valleys, improving the surface finish.
Polishing lines will be soft and less reflective than a #4 architectural finish. #7 Finish. A #7 finish is produced by polishing with a 280–320 grit belt or wheel and sisal buffing with a cut and color compound. This is a semi-bright finish that will still have some polishing lines but they will be very dull.
Chemical-mechanical polishing, which is used in semiconductor fabrication; Fabrication and testing of optical components; Flame polishing, a type of polishing used on glass and thermoplastics; Ultra-fine, abrasive paste polishing, polishing for soft or fragile work surfaces; Vapor polishing, a method of polishing plastics to optical clarity
While used less extensively than traditional mechanical polishing, electropolishing is an alternative form of polishing that uses the principles of electrochemistry to remove microscopic layers of metal from a base surface. [3] This method of polishing can be fine-tuned to give a wide range of finishes, from matte to mirror-bright.
In chemical-mechanical polishing processes, water is used in addition to reagents and abrasive particles. As of 2002 1-2 parts of contaminating molecules per one million of water ones was considered to be an "ultrapure water" (e.g. semiconductor grade). [7]: 118 Water quality standards for use in the semiconductor industry
Over the past four years, the Trump administration has destroyed or distorted vast swaths of information vital to public life and safety. This is an account of the damage.
Electrochemical machining, as a technological method, originated from the process of electrolytic polishing offered already in 1911 by a Russian chemist E. Shpitalsky. [3] As far back as 1929, an experimental ECM process was developed by W.Gussef, although it was 1959 before a commercial process was established by the Anocut Engineering Company.