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After the war, Germany would be split into four occupied zones, with a quadripartite occupation of Berlin as well, prior to unification of Germany. Stalin agreed to let France have the fourth occupation zone in Germany and Austria, carved out from the British and American zones. France would also be granted a seat in the Allied Control Council.
26 February – German company Commerzbank is founded in Hamburg.; 10 March – The Deutsche Bank is granted a banking licence by the Prussian government.; 16 July – In response to Bismarck's refusal to cede parts of the Rhineland to Emperor Napoleon III of France, [1] the near succession of a Hohenzollern to the Spanish throne, and the Ems telegram, [2] France declares war on Prussia ...
Germany and Britain managed through Chile to have Ecuador deny the United States a naval base in the Galápagos Islands. [96] Claims that German communities in South America acted as extensions of the German Empire were ubiquituous by 1900 but it has never been proved that these communities acted in such way to any significant degree. [99]
German universities became world-class centers for science and humanities, while music and art flourished. The unification of Germany was achieved under the leadership of the Chancellor Otto von Bismarck with the formation of the German Empire in 1871. The new Reichstag, an elected parliament, had only a limited role in the imperial government.
The emerging American financial system was based on railroad bonds. By 1860, New York was the dominant financial market. The British invested heavily in railroads around the world, but nowhere more so than the United States; The total came to about $3 billion by 1914. In 1914–1917, they liquidated their American assets to pay for war supplies.
Uprising of 1953 in East Germany: 100,000 protestors gathered at dawn, demanding the reinstatement of old work quotas and, later, the resignation of the East German government. At noon German police trapped many of the demonstrators in an open square; Soviet tanks fired on the crowd, killing hundreds and ending the protest. 1954: 4 July
American Opinion of German Unification, 1848–1871 (1926). Noonan online; Gienow-Hecht, Jessica C. E. "Trumpeting Down the Walls of Jericho: The Politics of Art, Music and Emotion in German-American Relations, 1870–1920," Journal of Social History (2003) 36#3 online; Haworth, Paul Leland.
"Germania" was the common term for German American neighborhoods and their organizations. [139] Deutschtum was the term for transplanted German nationalism, both culturally and politically. Between 1875 and 1915, the German American population in the United States doubled, and many of its members insisted on maintaining their culture.