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The term fetal alcohol effects (FAE) was used for alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder and alcohol-related birth defects. [1] It was initially used in research studies to describe humans and animals in whom teratogenic effects were seen after confirmed prenatal alcohol exposure (or unknown exposure for humans), but without obvious ...
Sterling K. Clarren is one of the world's leading researchers into fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), an umbrella term encompassing fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder, static encephalopathy:alcohol exposed and prenatal alcohol exposed.
David Weyhe Smith (September 24, 1926 – January 23, 1981) was an American pediatrician and dysmorphologist, best known for his pioneering book Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation and for describing fetal alcohol syndrome.
The number of babies born with severe birth defects connected with fentanyl use during pregnancy is rising. Scientists now have strong evidence linking the drug to abnormalities in newborns.
Baby with fetal alcohol syndrome, showing some of the characteristic facial features. In the US, alcohol is subject to the FDA drug labeling Pregnancy Category X (Contraindicated in pregnancy). Alcohol is known to cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. There are a wide range of affects that Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (PAE) can have on a ...
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Alcohol passes through the placenta on being ingested by the mother during her pregnancy, and makes its way to the baby in utero. [20] Changes posed to the fetus through ethanol exposure may significantly effect growth and development; these are collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). [20]
The severity of effects alcohol may have on a developing fetus depends upon the amount and frequency of alcohol consumed as well as the stage of pregnancy. Rates of alcohol consumption can generally be categorized in one of three ways: heavy drinking (more than 48-60 grams of ethanol/day), moderately high drinking (24-48 grams of ethanol/day ...