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  2. Pelvimetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvimetry

    The line between the closest bony points of the sacral promontory and the pubic bone next to the symphysis: 10 to 12 cm. [4] Interspinous distance Axial plane: The line between the closest bone points of the ischial spines: 9.5 to 11.5 cm. [6] Pelvic outlet Sagittal pelvic outlet diameter

  3. Chadwick's sign - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chadwick's_sign

    Cervix with a bluish-violet discolouration. Chadwick sign is a medical clinical sign characterised by the bluish-violet discolouration of the mucous membranes of the vulva, vagina (particularly on the anterior vaginal wall), and the cervix, resulting from venous congestion due to increased blood flow as part of the maternal physiological changes in pregnancy.

  4. Cervix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervix

    Diagram of the uterus and part of the vagina. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus situated between the external os (external orifice) and internal os (internal orifice). The cervical canal connects the interior of the vagina and the cavity of the body of uterus. The cervix is part of the female reproductive system.

  5. Cervical pregnancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_pregnancy

    A cervical pregnancy is an ectopic pregnancy that has implanted in the uterine endocervix. [2] Such a pregnancy typically aborts within the first trimester , however, if it is implanted closer to the uterine cavity – a so-called cervico-isthmic pregnancy – it may continue longer. [ 3 ]

  6. Studies of the Fetus in the Womb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studies_of_the_Fetus_in...

    Leonardo studied human embryology with the help of anatomist Marcantonio della Torre and saw the fetus within a cadaver. [2] The first study, measuring 30.5×22 cm, shows the fetus in a breech position inside a dissected uterus.

  7. Cervical effacement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_effacement

    Prior to effacement, the cervix is like a long bottleneck, usually about four centimeters in length. Throughout pregnancy, the cervix is tightly closed and protected by a plug of mucus. Effacement is accompanied by cervical dilation. When the cervix effaces, the mucus plug is loosened and passes out of the vagina.

  8. Cervical dilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_dilation

    From that point, pressure from the presenting part (head in vertex births or bottom in breech births), along with uterine contractions, will dilate the cervix to 10 centimeters, which is "complete." Cervical dilation is accompanied by effacement, the thinning of the cervix. General guidelines for cervical dilation: Latent phase: 0–3 centimeters

  9. Obstetric ultrasonography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetric_ultrasonography

    Obstetric sonography is useful in the assessment of the cervix in women at risk for premature birth. A short cervix preterm is associated with a higher risk for premature delivery: At 24 weeks' gestation, a cervix length of less than 25 mm defines a risk group for spontaneous preterm birth. Further, the shorter the cervix, the greater the risk ...