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Hofmann elimination is an elimination reaction of an amine to form alkenes. The least stable alkene (the one with the fewest substituents on the carbons of the double bond), called the Hofmann product , is formed.
In the Hofmann elimination, treatment of a quaternary ammonium iodide salt with silver oxide produces hydroxide ions, which act as a base and eliminate the tertiary amine to give an alkene. [11] In the Hofmann elimination, the least substituted alkene is typically favored due to intramolecular steric interactions.
In organic chemistry, the E i mechanism (Elimination Internal/Intramolecular), also known as a thermal syn elimination or a pericyclic syn elimination, is a special type of elimination reaction in which two vicinal (adjacent) substituents on an alkane framework leave simultaneously via a cyclic transition state to form an alkene in a syn elimination. [1]
The Hofmann elimination is unusual in that the less substituted (non-Zaitsev) alkene is usually the major product. Alkenes are generated from α-halo sulfones in the Ramberg–Bäcklund reaction , via a three-membered ring sulfone intermediate.
Elimination reaction of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene with sulfuric acid and heat [1] An elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one- or two-step mechanism. [2] The one-step mechanism is known as the E2 reaction, and the two-step mechanism is known as the E1 reaction ...
The lone pair of electrons on the anion then moves to the neighboring atom, thus expelling the leaving group and forming a double or triple bond. [1] The name of the mechanism - E1cB - stands for Elimination Unimolecular conjugate Base. Elimination refers to the fact that the mechanism is an elimination reaction and will lose two substituents.
The Chugaev elimination is a chemical reaction that involves the elimination of water from alcohols to produce alkenes. The intermediate is a xanthate . It is named for its discoverer, the Russian chemist Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev (1873–1922), who first reported the reaction sequence in 1899.
The reverse or retro-Cope elimination has been reported, in which an N,N-disubstituted hydroxylamine reacts with an alkene to form a tertiary N-oxide. [9] [10] The reaction is a form of hydroamination and can be extended to the use of unsubstituted hydroxylamine, in which case oximes are produced. [11]