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The Tohono Oʼodham Nation [2] is the collective government body of the Tohono Oʼodham tribe in the United States. [2] The Tohono Oʼodham Nation governs four separate sections of land with a combined area of 2.8 million acres (11,330 km 2), approximately the size of Connecticut and the second-largest Indigenous land holding in the United States.
The Tohono Oʼodham (/ t ə ˈ h oʊ n oʊ ˈ ɔː t əm,-ˈ oʊ t əm / tə-HOH-noh AW-təm, - OH-təm, [2] O'odham: [ˈtɔhɔnɔ ˈʔɔʔɔd̪am]) are a Native American people of the Sonoran Desert, residing primarily in the U.S. state of Arizona and the northern Mexican state of Sonora. The United States federally recognized tribe is the ...
Tohono O'odham Nation: Tohono O'odham: Tohono O'odham 1916 10,201 4,446.3 (11,515.9) Pima, Pinal, Maricopa: The Tohono O'odham Nation governs four separate pieces of land, including the Tohono O'odham and San Xavier Indian Reservations and the San Lucy district near Gila Bend. Tonto Apache Reservation: Tonto Apache: Dilzhę́’é 1974 120 0.13 ...
The Tohono Oʼodham Indian Reservation, is an Indian reservation of the Tohono Oʼodham Nation in Arizona, United States. [1] The reservation had a 2020 census population of 9,561. It has an area of 4,340.984 square miles (11,243.098 km 2 ), 97.48 percent of the Tohono Oʼodham Nation's total area.
I'itoi or I'ithi is, in the cosmology of the O'odham peoples of Arizona, the creator and God who resides in a cave below the peak of Baboquivari Mountain, a sacred place within the territory of the Tohono O'odham Nation. O'odham oral history describes I'itoi bringing Hohokam people to this earth from the underworld. Hohokam are ancestors of ...
The San Xavier Indian Reservation (O’odham: Wa:k) is an Indian reservation of the Tohono O’odham Nation located near Tucson, Arizona, in the Sonoran Desert. The San Xavier Reservation lies in the southwestern part of the Tucson metropolitan area and consists of 111.543 sq mi (288.90 km 2 ) of land area, about 2.5 percent of the Tohono O ...
In January 1986, the enrolled members of the three reservations adopted a new tribal constitution that changed the tribe name from Papago Tribe of Arizona to the Tohono O'odham Nation and adopted a three-branch form of government. [5]
Today, many Oʼodham live in the Tohono Oʼodham Nation, the San Xavier Indian Reservation, the Gila River Indian Community, the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, the Ak-Chin Indian Community or off-reservation in one of the cities or towns of Arizona. They have also historically been referred to as Hímeris. [3]