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Knee effusion, informally known as water on the knee, occurs when excess synovial fluid accumulates in or around the knee joint. It has many common causes, including arthritis , injury to the ligaments or meniscus , or fluid collecting in the bursa , a condition known as prepatellar bursitis .
These treatments provide temporary relief only. [3] [5] Bed rest, ice packs splints and exercise are ineffective. [1] A single case report of a patient with treatment-refractory IH describes the use of anakinra, an interleukin 1 receptor antagonist. At the first sign of any attack, a single 100 mg dose was given.
The approach to diagnosis depends on the joint involved. While aspiration of the joint is considered the gold standard of treatment, this can be difficult for joints such as the hip. Ultrasound may be used both to verify the existence of an effusion and to guide aspiration. [2]
The knee is the largest joint in the body ... there’s a layer of thin tissue called the ‘capsule’ between your bones,” Dr. Gladstone explains. When some sort of damage causes swelling ...
Synovial fluid, also called synovia, is a viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints.With its egg white–like consistency, [1] the principal role of synovial fluid is to reduce friction between the articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement. [2]
Prolotherapy, also called proliferation therapy, is an injection-based treatment used in chronic musculoskeletal conditions. [1] It has been characterised as an alternative medicine practice. [ 2 ]
The patellar tap is a technique used in an examination of the knee to test for knee effusion or "water-on-the-knee". [1] With the examinee lying on their back, the examiner extends the knee and presses the area above the kneecap with the palm of one hand. This pushes fluid under the kneecap and lifts it.
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