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Relative atomic mass (symbol: A r; sometimes abbreviated RAM or r.a.m.), also known by the deprecated synonym atomic weight, is a dimensionless physical quantity defined as the ratio of the average mass of atoms of a chemical element in a given sample to the atomic mass constant.
Zinc has an electron configuration of [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 and is a member of the group 12 of the periodic table. It is a moderately reactive metal and strong reducing agent . [ 48 ] The surface of the pure metal tarnishes quickly, eventually forming a protective passivating layer of the basic zinc carbonate , Zn
This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by atomic number (Z).. Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.
Ar 2 6 [Ar] 4s: 3d: ... 10 - 30 Zn 2 10 - 31 Ga 2 10 1 32 Ge 2 10 2 33 As 2 10 3 34 Se 2 10 4 35 Br 2 10 5 36 Kr 2 10 6 [Kr] 5s: 4d: 5p: 37 Rb 1-- 38 Sr ...
[39] [58] Next come the 4p orbitals, completing the row, which are filled progressively by gallium ([Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1) through krypton ([Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6), in a manner analogous to the previous p-block elements. [39] [58] From gallium onwards, the 3d orbitals form part of the electronic core, and no longer participate in chemistry. [57]
Zn 2+ is a class A acceptor in the classification of Ahrland, Chatt and Davies, [16] and so forms stronger complexes with the first-row donor atoms oxygen or nitrogen than with second-row sulfur or phosphorus. In terms of HSAB theory Zn 2+ is a hard acid. In aqueous solution an octahedral complex, [Zn(H 2 O) 6] 2+ is the predominant species. [17]
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It includes zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), [2] [3] [4] and copernicium (Cn). [5] Formerly this group was named IIB (pronounced as "group two B", as the "II" is a Roman numeral) by CAS and old IUPAC system. [note 1] The three group 12 elements that occur naturally are zinc, cadmium and mercury.